{"id":5144,"date":"2025-05-05T15:59:56","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T18:59:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbrv.org\/paciente\/?post_type=doenca&p=5144"},"modified":"2025-05-05T15:59:57","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T18:59:57","slug":"toxoplasmose-ocular","status":"publish","type":"doenca","link":"https:\/\/sbrv.org\/paciente\/doencas-retina\/toxoplasmose-ocular\/","title":{"rendered":"Toxoplasmose Ocular: O que \u00e9, Sintomas, Diagn\u00f3stico e Tratamentos | SBRV"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\nA toxoplasmose ocular \u00e9 a principal causa de coriorretinite infecciosa no mundo. \u00c9 provocada pelo protozo\u00e1rio Toxoplasma gondii<\/em> e pode ser cong\u00eanita (transmitida pela m\u00e3e) ou adquirida. Caracteriza-se por inflama\u00e7\u00e3o recorrente da retina e da coroide.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O QUE \u00c9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\n\u00c9 uma inflama\u00e7\u00e3o focal da retina e do epit\u00e9lio pigmentar, geralmente pr\u00f3xima a uma cicatriz antiga, formando les\u00e3o esbranqui\u00e7ada ativa que pode deixar sequelas permanentes.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CAUSAS E FATORES DE RISCO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Transmiss\u00e3o cong\u00eanita pela m\u00e3e infectada durante a gesta\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ingest\u00e3o de carne malcozida, \u00e1gua ou alimentos contaminados com cistos do protozo\u00e1rio.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Imunossupress\u00e3o (ex: HIV, uso de imunossupressores) aumenta risco de reativa\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    SINTOMAS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Vis\u00e3o borrada ou emba\u00e7ada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Presen\u00e7a de moscas volantes (manchas m\u00f3veis no campo visual).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Escotomas (manchas escuras na vis\u00e3o), dependendo da localiza\u00e7\u00e3o da les\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      DIAGN\u00d3STICO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. Fundoscopia:<\/strong> les\u00e3o ativa esbranqui\u00e7ada com inflama\u00e7\u00e3o v\u00edtrea (“nevoeiro v\u00edtreo”) e, muitas vezes, cicatriz adjacente.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. Sorologia IgG\/IgM:<\/strong> detecta contato pr\u00e9vio ou infec\u00e7\u00e3o recente pelo Toxoplasma gondii<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. OCT:<\/strong> mostra edema retiniano e atrofia nas camadas externas da retina.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        TRATAMENTO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • Esquema cl\u00e1ssico:<\/strong> pirimetamina + sulfadiazina + \u00e1cido fol\u00ednico por 4 a 6 semanas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Alternativas:<\/strong> clindamicina com sulfadiazina ou trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Corticosteroides:<\/strong> utilizados em conjunto para controlar a inflama\u00e7\u00e3o ocular (sempre ap\u00f3s in\u00edcio do antibi\u00f3tico).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          PROGN\u00d3STICO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Boa recupera\u00e7\u00e3o visual se a m\u00e1cula n\u00e3o for afetada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Les\u00f5es deixam cicatriz atr\u00f3fica permanente.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Recidivas s\u00e3o comuns e podem ocorrer ao longo da vida.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            PREVEN\u00c7\u00c3O E CUIDADOS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Cozinhar bem carnes e lavar frutas e verduras.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Acompanhamento em gestantes com sorologia positiva para toxoplasmose.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Pacientes com recidivas frequentes podem se beneficiar de antibioticoprofilaxia cont\u00ednua.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              PERGUNTAS FREQUENTES<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              1. A toxoplasmose tem cura?<\/strong>
                \u2013 N\u00e3o elimina completamente o protozo\u00e1rio; o tratamento controla a inflama\u00e7\u00e3o, mas os cistos permanecem no organismo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              2. Existe vacina?<\/strong>
                \u2013 Ainda n\u00e3o h\u00e1 vacina contra toxoplasmose dispon\u00edvel para humanos.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                REFER\u00caNCIAS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                1. Goldstein DA, et al. Ophthalmology<\/em>. 2002;109(6):1174\u20131180.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                2. Holland GN. Ophthalmology<\/em>. 2003;110(7):1278\u20131288.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-5144","doenca","type-doenca","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nToxoplasmose Ocular: O que \u00e9, Sintomas, Diagn\u00f3stico e Tratamentos | SBRV - SBRV - \u00c1rea do Paciente<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Toxoplasmose ocular: saiba como reconhecer e tratar essa coriorretinite parasit\u00e1ria. 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